Module 1:
NIST 800-82 Cybersecurity Foundation

NIST Special Publication 800-82 provides guidance on securing industrial control systems (ICS), including supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems and other control system configurations. It offers recommendations for protecting critical infrastructure from cyber threats.

Module 2:
Briefing of ICS (Industrial Control Systems)

Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are used in various industries to monitor and control physical processes such as manufacturing, energy production, and water treatment. They integrate hardware, software, and networked communication to manage and automate industrial operations efficiently.

Module 3:
Difference between ICS and DCS (Distributed Control Systems) 

• ICS (Industrial Control Systems): A broad term encompassing all types of control systems used in industrial settings, including Distributed Control Systems (DCS). ICS can refer to systems controlling discrete, continuous, batch, and hybrid processes.
• DCS (Distributed Control Systems): Specifically refers to control systems designed to control large-scale processes in which multiple autonomous controllers are distributed throughout a system. DCS typically includes centralized supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) for monitoring and managing these processes.

Module 4:
Briefing of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and RTU (Remote Terminal Unit)

• PLC (Programmable Logic Controller): A digital computer used to automate electromechanical processes in industrial environments. PLCs are programmable and interact with sensors, actuators, and other devices to control machinery and processes.
• RTU (Remote Terminal Unit): Similar to PLCs, RTUs are used in remote locations to collect data from sensors and control devices. They are often deployed in SCADA systems to monitor and manage distributed assets and facilities.

Module 5:
ICS Architecture 

ICS architecture typically includes:

• Field Devices: Sensors, actuators, and instruments that interact directly with physical processes.
• PLCs/RTUs: Controllers that execute control algorithms and manage communication with field devices.
• SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition): Software for real-time monitoring, control, and data acquisition from remote devices.
• HMI (Human-Machine Interface): Graphical interface for operators to interact with the control system.
• Network Infrastructure: Communication channels (e.g., LAN, WAN) used for data transmission within the control system.

Module 6:
Introduction of Standards (e.g., NIST 800-82) 

Module 7:
OT Security Risk Management 

OT (Operational Technology) security risk management involves:

• Risk Assessment: Identifying and assessing cybersecurity risks specific to OT environments, including vulnerabilities in ICS components and potential impacts on operational continuity.
• Risk Mitigation: Developing and implementing strategies to mitigate identified risks through cybersecurity controls, policies, and procedures.
• Continuous Monitoring: Monitoring OT systems for vulnerabilities, threats, and anomalous activities to detect and respond to cybersecurity incidents promptly.
• Incident Response: Establishing procedures to effectively respond to cybersecurity incidents, minimize impacts, and restore normal operations.

Module 8:
Applying the Risk Management Framework to OT Systems 

The Risk Management Framework (RMF) provides a structured approach to managing cybersecurity risks in OT systems:

• Categorization: Identifying and categorizing OT systems based on their criticality and sensitivity to cybersecurity threats.
• Selection: Selecting appropriate security controls and safeguards based on the identified risks and organizational requirements.
• Implementation: Implementing chosen security controls and measures to mitigate identified risks and protect OT systems.
• Assessment: Conducting assessments and tests to evaluate the effectiveness of implemented security controls and their ability to mitigate risks.
• Authorization: Authorizing the operation of OT systems based on the assessment of residual risks and compliance with security requirements.
• Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of OT systems to detect and respond to cybersecurity incidents, and to maintain the effectiveness of security controls over time.

Module 9:
OT Security Capabilities 

OT security capabilities include:

• Access Control: Restricting access to critical OT systems and data based on user roles and responsibilities.
• Network Segmentation: Dividing OT networks into segments to isolate critical systems and control data flow, reducing the impact of cyber attacks.
• Encryption: Securing data in transit and at rest using encryption protocols to prevent unauthorized access and ensure data confidentiality.
• Endpoint Protection: Deploying security measures on endpoints (e.g., PLCs, RTUs) to protect against malware, unauthorized access, and tampering.
• Security Monitoring: Monitoring OT systems and networks for suspicious activities, anomalies, and potential cybersecurity incidents.
• Incident Response: Establishing procedures and protocols to respond promptly to cybersecurity incidents, minimize damage, and restore normal operations.